Autoimmune Liver Diseases (AILDs) are chronic liver diseases that affect the liver and biliary tract mediated by abnormal autoimmune mechanisms. The pathogenesis of AILDs is intricate, involving a multitude of inflammatory factors and confounding variables...
Whipple’s Disease (WD) is a rare, potentially life-threatening infection caused by Tropheryma whipplei, characterized by a diverse array of symptoms that complicate diagnosis. We present a case of a 64-year-old male with chronic gastrointestinal symptoms....
Although Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) are indispensable in the treatment of acid-related diseases, there are several restrictions in the use of PPIs. These include the prolonged onset of action, interindividual variability, and pH-dependence....
Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) is a common and often life-threatening complication of acute and chronic liver disease, marked by cognitive dysfunction and high healthcare utilization, including frequent hospitalizations and readmissions....
Antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori has reached alarming levels worldwide. Molecular testing for resistance-associated mutations in FFPE tissue specimens—particularly those linked to clarithromycin and fluoroquinolone resistance—has been shown to perform comparably to phenotypic susceptibility testing...